Documento(s) 10 de 16

Chapter 1

Allen, A. 1996. Golden Horshoe Wilderness. African Wildlife, 49(6): 6-7.

Anstey, S. 1994. Angola; Conflict and Conservation. IUCN ROSA Discussion Paper.

Baynham, S. 1990. Security Strategies for a Future South Africa. Journal of Modern African Studies, 28(3):401-30.

Bennett, O. (ed) 1991. Greenwar. Environment and Conflict. The Panos Institute, London.

Birchem, R. 1992. The Military and the Environment. Worldwatch, June 1992.

Black, D. & Swatuk, L. 1994. The New South Africa in Africa: Issues and Approaches. Paper presented at the symposium ‘Of Growth Poles and Backwaters: The New South Africa in Africa’. York University, Toronto, Canada.

Buttedahl, P. 1994. True Measures of Human Security. IDRC Report, October 1994.

Cawthra, G. 1994. The Relationship Between the Defence Establishment and Development. Paper presented to the Defence Industry Conference, Johannesburg.

Cawthra, G. 1995. The Role and Functions of the Defence Force. Paper presented to the Constitutional Assembly Theme Committee.

Cilliers, J. 1991. Integrating the Military into Democracy: The South African Soldier as a Citizen in Uniform. Paper presented at the Defence Institute of South Africa (DISA) conference, ‘Southern African Security Relations Towards the Year 2000’, Pretoria.

Cock, J. 1994. Demobilisation and Democracy: The Need for a Soldiers’ Charter in Contemporary South Africa. History Workshop Conference paper.

Cock, J. 1993. Towards a Common Society: The Integration of Soldiers and Armies in a Future South Africa. Unpublished research report.

Cock, J. & Nathan, L. (eds.) 1989. War and Society: The Militarisation of South Africa. David Philip, Cape Town.

Deacon, J. 1994. Game to Defend. African Wildlife, 48(1):28-30.

Drucker, M. 1989. The Military Commander’s Responsibility for the Environment. Environmental Ethics, 11:135-152.

Dutton, P. 1994. A Dream Becomes a Nightmare. African Wildlife, 48(6):6-14.

Feaver, P. 1996. The Civil-Military Problematique: Huntington, Janowitz and the Question of Civilian Control. Armed Forces and Society, 24(2):149-178.

Finger, M. 1991. The Military, the Nation State and the Environment. The Ecologist, 21(5):220-25.

Godshalk, S. 1991. In Defence of the Environment. Conserva, July/August.

Hersh, S.M. 1990. The Sampson Option. Faber, London.

Huntington, S. 1993. The Clash of Civilizations. Foreign Affairs, 2(3):22-49.

International Trade Union Committee for Peace and Disarmament. n.d. The Environmental Impact of the Arms Race. International Committee, Prague.

Johnson, P. & Martin, D. 1989. Apartheid Terrorism: The Destabilisation Report. James Currey, London.

Kaplan, R. 1994. The Coming Anarchy. The Atlantic Monthly.

Kampala Document: Towards a Conference on Security, Stability, Development and Co-operation in Africa, 1991.

Klare, M. 1994. The Global Trade in Light Weapons and the International System in the Post-Cold War Era. In Boutwell, J. et al. (eds) Lethal Commerce: The Global Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons. American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Cambridge.

Koch, E. 1995. Dead Cows, A Long Bicycle Ride, The Fence of Fire and A Man on the Run. Unpublished research report.

Kumleben, M.E. 1996. Commission of Inquiry into the Alleged Smuggling of and Illegal Trade in Ivory and Rhinoceros Horn in South Africa. Report of the Chairman Mr Justice Kumleben.

Nathan, L. 1993. Towards a Post-Apartheid Threat Analysis. Paper presented to Military Research Group seminar, Johannesburg.

Nathan, L. 1994. Towards a Post-Apartheid Threat Analysis. Military Research Group Working Paper Series, Paper no. 2.

Nathan, L. 1991. Riding the Tiger: The Integration of Armed Forces and the Post-apartheid Military. Southern African Perspectives. Working paper series No.10, Centre for Southern African Studies, Cape Town.

Nel, M. 1994. Army Bases: Fatigues to Tourist Fare. ‘Open Africa’, Weekly Mail & Guardian, December 1994.

Ohlson, T. & Stedman, S. 1994. The New is Not Yet Born: Conflict Resolution in Southern Africa. Brookings Institute, Washington DC.

Republic of Mozambique. 1992. A Demobilization and Reintegration Programme for Mozambican Military
Personnel. First Phase 1991-1992. Government of Mozambique, Maputo.

Renner, M. 1991. Military Victory, Ecological Defeat. Worldwatch. July/August 1991:27-33.

Renner, M. 1991. War on Nature. Worldwatch. May/June 1991:18-24.

Southern African Development Community (SADC). Report of Drought Monitoring Centre: June-August 1995.

Seegers, A. 1996. The Military in the Making of Modern South Africa. Tauris, London.

Smith, C et al. 1996. Small Arms Management and Peacekeeping in Southern Africa. United Nations, Geneva.

Smith, D. 1994. War, Peace and Third World Development. United Nations Development Programme, New York.

South African National Defence Force Communication Service. 1995. Service Corps. SANDF, Pretoria.

Steiner, A. 1993. The Peace Dividend in Southern Africa. IUCN programme proposal.

Swatuk, L. 1994. Environmental Crises and Prospects for Southern African Regional Cooperation. Paper presented at the African Studies Association meeting, Toronto, Canada.

United Nations Report of the Secretary-General A4 of 17 September 1991: Charting Potential Uses of Resources Allocated to Military Activities for Civilian Endeavours to Protect the Environment. Mozambique’s Report to UNCED.

Van der Merwe, P. 1994. Defence versus Development. Paper presented at Military Research Group seminar, Johannesburg.

Willett, S. & Batchelor, P. 1994. To Trade or Not to Trade? The Costs and Benefits of South Africa’s Arms Trade. Military Research Group Paper.

Willett, S. 1997. Military Spending Trends and Developments in Southern Africa: Case Studies of South Africa, Angola, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique. . Unpublished paper.

Williams, R. 1982. Socialism and Ecology. Socialist Environment and Resources Association, London.

Winberg, M. 1994. Homecoming in Riemvasmaak. New Ground, Spring 1994:22-25.

Chapter 2

Aitcheson, J. 1996. A Survey of Adult Basic Education in South Africa in the 1990s. Maskew Miller Longman/Sached Books, quoted in Edusource Data News, 1996:14.

ANC. 1992. Ready to Govern: ANC Policy Guidelines for a Democratic South Africa. African National Congress, Johannesburg.

ANC. 1994. Reconstruction and Development Programme. African National Congress, Johannesburg.

Arias, O. 1995. The Year 2000 Campaign to Redirect World Military Spending to Human Development. Campaign statement as presented by Dr Oscar Arias to United Nations Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali and at a Capitol Hill Symposium sponsored by Senator Mark O. Hatfield.

Ayoob, M. 1995. The Third World Security Predicament: State Making, Regional Conflict and the International System. Lynne Rienner, Boulder.

Ball, N. 1988. Security and Economy in the Third World. Princeton University Press, Princeton.

Booth, K. (ed) 1991. New Thinking About Strategy and International Security. Harper Collins, London.

Buzan, B. 1991. People, States and Fear. Harvester-Wheatsheaf, Hemel Hempstead.

Cawthra, G. 1986. Brutal Force: The Apartheid War Machine. International Defence & Aid Fund, London.

Davis, M. 1996. The Financial Impacts of Rural Electrification. EDRC Report Series, Energy & Development Research Centre, University of Cape Town.

Davis, M., Pickering, M. & Steyn, G. 1996. The Distribution of Power: Recommendations on Electrification Policy. EDRC & MEPC.

De Kock, M. 1994. By Public Demand: A People-driven Process Aimed at Nation-building, Salut, 1 (3).

Deger, S. & Smith, R. 1983. Military Expenditure and Growth in Less Developed Countries, Journal of Conflict Resolution, 27(2).

Department of Defence. 1996. Defence in Democracy: White Paper on National Defence for the Republic of South Africa. Department of Defence, Pretoria.

Department of Education. 1995. Five Year Budget Guidelines.

Department of Housing. 1996. 1995 Annual Report: Housing the Nation.

Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. 1994. White Paper: Water Supply and Sanitation Policy.

Eskom. 1995. Annual Report 1994.

Eskom. 1996. Annual Report 1995.

Everatt, D. & Jennings, R. 1995. Educated for Servitude? A National Survey of Out-of-School Youth in South Africa. Community Agency for Social Enquiry.

Fine, B. 1993. Defence Expenditure and the Post-apartheid Economy. Unpublished paper.

Graham, N.A. (ed.) 1994. Seeking Security and Development: The Impact of Military Spending and Arms Transfers. Lynne Rienner, Boulder.

Heitman, H.-R. 1996. South African Cuts Put Defence on Knife Edge, Jane’s Defence Weekly, 25(13).

IISS. 1996. The Military Balance 1994-1996. Oxford University Press/International Institute for Strategic Studies, London.

IISS. 1997. The Military Balance 1996/7. Oxford University Press/International Institute for Strategic Studies, London.

Joint Education Trust. 1995. Youth Job-skills Training: Strengthening Provision and Developing Policy.

Looney, R.E. & Winterford, D. 1995. Economic Causes and Consequences of Defense Expenditures in the Middle East and South Africa. Westview, Boulder.

Republic of South Africa. 1994. White Paper on Reconstruction and Development.

Republic of South Africa. 1997a. Budget Speech by the Minister of Finance Mr Trevor A. Manuel.

Republic of South Africa. 1997b. Estimate of Expenditure to be Defrayed from the National Revenue Account during the Financial Year ending 31 March 1997.

Rispel, L., Price, M., Cabral, J. et al. 1996. Confronting Need and Affordability: Guidelines for Primary Health Care Services in South Africa. Centre for Health Policy, South African Institute for Medical Research/University of the Witwatersrand.

SADC. 1994. Workshop on Democracy, Peace and Security: Workshop Resolutions. Southern African Development Community, Windhoek.

SADC 1996. Heads of State of Government Summit Communiqué. Southern African Development
Community, Gaborone.

SADIA. 1996. Defence Industry Overview – Today and in the Future, Conference on the South African Defence Industry in the Future. Midrand.

Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). 1996. SIPRI Yearbook 1995.

Ul Haq, M. 1995. New Imperatives of Human Security, in Towards Human Security, 4. United Nations Development Programme, New York.

United States Arms Control & Disarmament Agency. 1995. World Military Expenditures and Arms Transfers.

Willett, S. & Batchelor, P. 1995. To Trade or Not to Trade: The Costs and Benefits of South Africa’s Arms Trade. Military Research Group, Johannesburg.

Chapter 3

Booth, K. 1994. A Security Regime in Southern Africa: Theoretical Considerations, Southern African Perspectives, 30. Centre for Southern African Studies, University of the Western Cape.

Buzan, B. 1991. People, States and Fear: An Agenda for International Security Studies in the Post-Cold War Era. Harvester Wheatsheaf, New York.

Cock, J. 1989. Introduction. In Cock, J. & Nathan, L. (eds) War and Society: The Militarisation of South Africa. David Philip, Cape Town.

Cock, J. & Nathan, L. (eds) 1989. War and Society: The Militarisation of South Africa. David Philip, Cape Town.

Cawthra, G. 1986. Brutal Force: The Apartheid War Machine. International Defence & Aid Fund for Southern Africa, London.

Department of Defence. 1996. Defence in a Democracy: White Paper on National Defence for the Republic of South Africa. Pretoria.

Frankel, P. 1984. Pretoria’s Praetorians: Civil-Military Relations in South Africa. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Grundy, K.W. 1988. The Militarisation of South African Politics. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Hanlon, J. 1986. Beggar Your Neighbours. Catholic Institute for International Relations/James Currey, London.

International Institute for Strategic Studies. 1996. The Military Balance, 1996/97. Oxford University Press, London.

Kampala Document: Towards a Conference on Security, Stability, Development and Co-operation in Africa. 1991. Africa Leadership Forum, Ogun State (Nigeria).

Macksey, K. & Woodhouse, W. 1992. The Penguin Encyclopaedia of Modern Warfare: 1850 to the Present Day. Penguin, London.

Nathan, L. 1989a. Troops in the Townships, 1984-1987. In Cock, J. & Nathan, L. (eds) War and Society: The Militarisation of South Africa. David Philip, Cape Town.

Nathan, L. 1989b. Marching to a Different Beat: The History of the End Conscription Campaign. In Cock, J. & Nathan, L. (eds) War and Society: The Militarisation of South Africa. David Philip, Cape Town.

Palme Commission. 1984. Common Security: A Programme for Disarmament. Pan, London.

Palme Commission. 1990. Final Statement of the Palme Commission on Disarmament and Security Issues, Disarmament: A Periodic Review by the United Nations, 13(1):165-86.

Swilling, M. & Phillips, M. 1989. State Power in the 1980s:
From Total Strategy to Counter-revolutionary Warfare. In Cock, J. & Nathan, L. (eds) War and Society: The Militarisation of South Africa. David Philip, Cape Town.

Thomas, C. 1991. New Directions in Thinking about Security in the Third World. In Booth, K. (ed.) New Thinking about Strategy and International Security. Harper Collins, London.

Chapter 4

Badela, M & Vick, C. 1993. Freddie du Pokoy. Work in Progress, June 1993.

Commission on Land Allocation. 1993. Report of the Commission on Land Allocation of the Land Known as Riemvasmaak, Farm No. 498, District Gordonia. Deacon, J. 1994. Game to Defend. African Wildlife, 48(1). Defence Secretariat. 1997. Current Department of Defence Facilities. Draft report.

Department of Land Affairs. 1996. Green Paper on South African Land Policy. Pretoria.

FARM-Africa 1995. Riemvasmaak Development Project. Project proposal.

Godschalk, G. 1991. In Defence of the Environment. Conserva, July/ August 1991.

Group for Environmental Monitoring. 1995. People and Parks Regional Workshop Proceedings. Unpublished workshop proceedings.

Hanekom, D. 1994. The Return of Land at Riemvasmaak to its Rightful Owners. Unpublished speech, 21 May 1994.

Hoffman, T., Sonnenberg, D., Hurford, J. & Jagger, B. 1995. The Ecology and Management of Riemvasmaak’s Natural Resources. National Botanical Institute, Cape Town.

Mckenzie, P. 1996. Reclaiming the Land: From Defence to Development. GEM publication, Johannesburg.

Potgieter, D. 1995. Contraband: South Africa and the International Trade in Ivory and Rhino Horn. Queillerie Publishers, Cape Town.

South African National Defence Force. 1995. Internal Communication Bulletin, July 1995.

South African National Defence Force. n.d. Environmental Services. Unpublished document.

Surplus People Project (SPP). 1993. Abridged Version of the Submission to the Commission on Land Allocation on Behalf of the Community of Riemvasmaak.

Venter, S. 1995. Agter die Skermis van Riemvasmaak. Acres, Department of Land Affairs in-house journal, 1 (1995).

Winberg, M. 1994. Homecoming in Riemvasmaak. New Ground, Spring 1994.

Chapter 5

Hey, D. 1983. Report on the Environmental Implications of the Proposed Experimental Weapons Test and Evaluation Facility Between Waenhuiskrans and Cape Infanta, Bredasdorp. Cape Town.

Mechem. 1995. Preliminary Survey and Cost Estimate for the Clearance and Rendering Safe of 10 000 ha Ground at SA Army Battle School sited at Lohatla in the North Western Cape. Pretoria.

Rooi Els Local Council. 1993. Applicant’s Main Heads of Argument.

Save Hangklip Action Group. 1993. The Somchem Dispute. Unpublished bulletin.

Somchem. 1993. What You Ought to Know Before You
Decide. Unpublished circular, June 1993.

South African Air Force. 1978. Report on Ecological Disturbances as a Result of SAAF Activities at St Lucia Testing Range. Unpublished report.

South African Air Force. 1980. Updated Report on Ecological Disturbances as a Result of SAAF Activities at St Lucia Testing Range. Unpublished report.

Chapter 6

Archer, S. 1989. Defence Expenditure and Arms Procurement in South Africa. In Cock, J. & Nathan L. (eds) War and Society: The Militarisation of South Africa. David Philip, Cape Town.

Armscor. 1984. The Armaments Industry in South Africa. Pretoria.

Armscor. (various years). Annual Report. Pretoria.

Armscor. (various years). South African Defence Industries Directory. Pretoria.

Batchelor, P. 1996. Militarisation, Disarmament and Defence Industrial Adjustment: The Case of South Africa. Unpublished PhD dissertation, University of Cambridge.

Batchelor, P. 1996. The Origins and Development of South Africa’s Defence Industry. Paper presented at Arms Industry Workshop hosted by Group for Environmental Monitoring and Centre for Conflict Resolution, Johannesburg.

Batchelor, P. 1995. The Economics of South Africa’s Arms Trade. Discussion Paper No.3, UCT Budget Project, School of Economics, Cape Town.

Batchelor, P. 1993. Conversion of the South African Defence Industry: Prospects and Problems. Paper presented at workshop on Arms Trade and Arms Conversion in a Democratic South Africa. Military Research Group, Pretoria.

Brzoska, M. 1986. South Africa: Evading the Embargo. In Brzoska, M. & Ohlson, T. (eds) Arms Production in the Third World. Taylor & Francis, London.

Brzoska, M. 1991. Arming South Africa in the Shadow of the UN Arms Embargo. In Defence Analysis, 7(1):21-38.

Brzoska, M. & Lock, P. (eds) 1992. Restructuring of Arms Production in Western Europe. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Buys, A. 1992. The Future of the South African Armaments Industry. South African Defence Review, 7:5-9.

Buys, A. 1993. The Case for the Retention of the Arms Industry. Paper presented at workshop on Arms Trade and Arms Conversion in a Democratic South Africa. Military Research Group, Pretoria.

Cameron Commission. 1995a. Cameron Commission of Inquiry into Alleged Arms Transactions Between Armscor and one Eli Wazan and other Related Matters, First Report. Johannesburg.

Cameron Commission. 1995b. Cameron Commission of Inquiry into Alleged Arms Transactions Between Armscor and one Eli Wazan and other Related Matters, Second Report. Cape Town.

Campbell, H. 1993. The Dismantling of the Apartheid Military and the Problems of Conversion of the Military Industrial Complex. Paper presented at CODES RIA Conference. Accra, Ghana.

Cawthra, G. 1986. Brutal Force: The Apartheid War Machine. IDAF, London.

Cawthra, G. 1988. South Africa at War. In Lonsdale, J. (ed) South Africa in Question. James Currey, London.

Cilliers, J. 1994. The Future of the South African Arms Industry. In Garba, J. (ed) Towards Sustainable Peace and Stability in Southern Africa. The Southern African Peacekeeping and Peacemaking Project, 1. Institute of International Education, New York.

Cilliers, J. 1995. Towards a South African Conventional Arms Trade Policy. African Security Review, 4(4):3-20.

Cobbett, W. 1989. Apartheid’s Army and Arms Embargo. In Cock, J. & Nathan, L. (eds) War and Society: The Militarisation of South Africa. David Philip, Cape Town.

Cock, J. 1993. South Africa’s Arms Industry: Strategic Asset or Moral Cesspool? Paper presented at workshop on Arms Trade and Arms Conversion in a Democratic South Africa. Military Research Group, Pretoria.

Cock, J. & Nathan, L. (eds) 1989. War and Society: The Militarisation of South Africa. David Philip, Cape Town.

Cock, J. 1992. Rocks, Snakes and South Africa’s Arms Industry, Unpublished paper.

Cock, J. 1994. Redefining Security: The Military and the Ecology of Southern Africa. GEM Discussion Document. Group for Environmental Monitoring, Johannesburg.

Coker, C. 1987. South Africa’s Security Dilemmas. Praeger, New York.

Department of Defence. 1995. The National Defence Force in Transition, SANDF Annual Report 1994/95. Pretoria.

De Waal, T. 1993. Commercialisation of the Defence Industry: Issues Faced in the Procurement of Arms. South African Defence Review, 11:7-10.

De Wet, G., Jonkergouw, E., Koekemoer, R., Schoeman, N., Steyn, F. and Truu, M. 1996. The Peace Dividend in South Africa. In Gleditsch, N., Bjerkholt, 0., Cappelen, A., Smith, R. and Dunne, P. (eds) The Peace Dividend. Elsevier Science BV, Amsterdam.

Department of Defence. 1967. White Paper on Defence and Armaments Production 1965-1967. Pretoria.

Department of Defence. 1969. White Paper on Defence and Armaments Production 1969. Pretoria.

Department of Defence. 1977. White Paper on Defence 1977. Pretoria.

Department of Defence. 1982. White Paper on Defence and Armaments Supply 1982. Pretoria.

Department of Defence. 1984. White Paper on Defence and Armaments Supply 1984. Pretoria.

Department of Defence. 1986. White Paper on Defence and Armaments Supply 1986. Pretoria.

Department of Defence. 1987. Briefing on the Organisation and Functions of the South African Defence Force and the Armaments Corporation of South Africa Ltd. Pretoria.

Department of Defence. 1996. Defence in a Democracy: White Paper on National Defence for the Republic of South Africa. Pretoria.

Denel (various years). Annual Report. Pretoria.

Directorate for Conventional Arms Control. 1996. Guide to the Terms of Reference of Conventional Arms Control in South Africa. Pretoria.

Dunne, P. & Willett, S. 1992. Disarming the UK: The Economics of Conversion, Discussion Paper No.2. Centre for Industrial Policy and Performance, University of Leeds.

Fanaroff, B. 1992. A Trade Unionist Perspective on the Future of the Armaments Industry in South Africa. South African Defence Review, 7:10-14.

Fanaroff, B. 1993. The Arms Industry: Industrial Relations and Industrial Policy, South African Defence Review, 11:11-15.

Financial Mail, Top Companies (various years). Johannesburg.

Fine, B. 1990. Defence Expenditure and the Post-Apartheid Economy. Unpublished paper.

Fontanel, J. 1994. The Economics of Disarmament: A Survey, Defence and Peace Economics, 5:87-120.

Frankel, P. 1994. Pretoria’s Praetorians: Civil-Military Relations in South Africa. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Friedman, S. (ed) 1993. The Long Journey: South Africa’s Quest for a Negotiated Settlement. Ravan Press, Johannesburg.

Friedman, S. & Atkinson, D. (eds) 1994. South African Review 7: The Small Miracle – South Africa’s Negotiated Settlement. Ravan Press, Johannesburg.

Geldenhuys, D. 1990. Isolated States: A Comparative Analysis. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Grundy, K. 1986. The Militarisation of South African Politics. IB Tauris, London.

Heitman, H. 1985. South African War Machine. Central News Agency, Johannesburg.

Heitman, H. 1992. South Africa’s Defence Industry: Challenges and Prospects. South African Defence Review, 2:26-34.

Heitman, H. 1992. The South African Defence Industry: Present and Future Prospects. South African Defence Review, 7:15-25.

Hough, M. 1993. Disarmament and Arms Control with Specific Reference to the RSA. South African Defence Review, 9:17-23.

Hough, M. 1988. The UN Arms Embargo Against South Africa: An Assessment. Strategic Review for Southern Africa, 10(2):22-38.

Howlett, D. & Simpson, J. 1993. Nuclearisation and Denuclearisation in South Africa. Survival, 35(3):154-73.

Human Rights Watch Arms Project 1994. Angola: Arms Trade and Violations of the Laws of War Since the 1992 Elections. Washington DC.

Human Rights Watch Arms Project 1994. Arming Rwanda: The Arms Trade and Human Rights Abuses in Rwanda. Washington DC.

International Defence and Aid Fund 1980. The Apartheid War Machine. Fact Paper on Southern Africa: 8. IDAF, London.

James, W. (ed) 1987. The State of Apartheid. Lynne Rienner, Boulder.

Jaster, R. 1989. The Defence of White Power: South African Foreign Policy Under Pressure. St. Martin’s Press, New York.

Joffe, A., Kaplan, D., Kaplinsky, R., and Lewis, D. (eds) 1995. Improving Manufacturing Performance in South Africa: Report of the Industrial Strategy Project. University of Cape Town Press, Cape Town.

Kaplan, D. 1995. Ensuring Technological Advance in the South African Manufacturing Industry: Some Policy Proposals. In Joffe, A. et al. (eds) 1995. Improving Manufacturing Performance in South Africa: Report of the Industrial Strategy Project. University of Cape Town Press, Cape Town.

Kaplinsky, R. 1992. South African Industrial Performance and Structure in a Comparative Context. Paper prepared for Industrial Strategy Meeting. Johannesburg.

Keller, E. & Picard, L. (eds) 1989. South Africa in Southern Africa: Domestic Change and International Conflict. Lynne Rienner, Boulder.

Khan, C. 1992. Thoughts on the Future of the South African Armaments Industry. South African Defence Review, 7:26-8.

Landgren, S. 1989. Embargo Disimplemented: South . Africa’s Military Industry. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Leonard, R. 1983. South Africa. at War. Laurence Hill, Westport.

Lipton, M. 1986. Capitalism and Apartheid: South Africa 1910-1986. David Philip, Cape Town.

Lonsdale, J. (ed) 1988. South Africa in Question. James Currey, London.

Matthews, R. 1988. The Development of the South African Military Industrial Complex. Defence Analysis, 4(1):7-24.

McMillan, S. 1992. Economic Growth and Military Spending in South Africa. International Interactions, 18 (1):35-50.

Mc Williams, J. 1989. Armscor: South Africa’s Arms Merchant. Brasseys, London.

Moll, T. 1991. Did the Apartheid Economy Fail? Journal of Southern African Studies, 17(2):271-91.

Nathan, L. & Phillips, M. 1992. Cross Currents: Security Developments under FW de Klerk. In Moss, G. & Obery, I. (eds) South African Review 6: From Red Friday to Codesa. Ravan Press, Johannesburg.

Nathan, L. 1993. Towards a Post-Apartheid Threat Analysis. Strategic Review for Southern Africa, 15(1):43-71.

Nattrass, N. & Ardington, E. (eds) 1990. The Political Economy of South Africa. Oxford University Press, Cape Town.

Navias, M. 1993. Towards a New South African Arms Trade Policy. South African Defence Review, 13:38-49.

Philip, K. 1989. The Private Sector and the Security Establishment. In Cock, J. & Nathan, L. (eds) War and Society: The Militarisation of South Africa. David Philip, Cape Town.

Pretorius, R. 1983. The South African Defence Industry: Defending Apartheid. Unpublished Honours thesis, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg.

Ratcliffe, S. 1983. Forced Relations: The State, Crisis and the Rise of Militarism in South Africa. Unpublished Honours thesis, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg.

Ratcliffe, S. 1984. The Shifting Dominance: The Foundations of the Armaments Industry during the 1960s. In Africa Perspective, 25:24-39.

Renner, M. 1992. Economic Adjustment after the Cold War: Strategies for Conversion. Dartmouth, Aldershot. Republic of South Africa. 1968. Armaments Development and Production Act No. 57 of 1968 (as amended).

Rogerson, C. 1990. Defending Apartheid: Armscor and the Geography of Military Production in South Africa. GeoJournal. 22(3):241-50.

Rogerson, C. 1995. The Question of Defence Conversion in South Africa: Issues from the International Experience. Africa Insight, 25(3):154-62.

Roux, A. 1994. Defence, Human Capital and Economic Development in South Africa. South African Defence Review, 19:14-22.

Schrire, R. (ed) 1990. Critical Choices for South Africa: An Agenda for the 1990s. Oxford University Press, Cape Town.

Schrire, R. (ed) 1992. Wealth or Poverty? Critical Choices for South Africa. Oxford University Press, Cape Town.

Seegers, A. 1992. Current Trends in South Africa’s Security
Establishment. Armed Forces and Society, 18(2):159-74.

Seegers, A. 1996. The Military in the Making of Modern South Africa. Tauris Academic Studies, London.

Shaw, T. & Leppan, E. 1985. South Africa: White Power and the Regional Military-Industrial Complex. In Aluko, O. & Shaw, T. (eds) Southern Africa in the 1980s. George Allen and Unwin, London.

Shearer, J. 1993. Denuclearisation of Africa: The South African Dimension. Disarmament, 16(2):171-85.

Simkins, C. 1994. The South African Economy: Problems and Prospects. In Spence, J. (ed) Change in South Africa. Pinter, London.

Simpson, G. 1989. The Politics and Economics of the Armaments Industry in South Africa. In Cock, J. & Nathan. L. (eds) War and Society: The Militarisation of South Africa. David Philip, Cape Town.

Singh, R. & Wezeman, P. 1995. South Africa’s Arms Production and Exports. In SIPRI Yearbook 1995: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Smith, C., Batchelor, P. & Potgieter, J. 1996. Small Arms Management and Peacekeeping in Southern Africa. Disarmament and Conflict Resolution Project, United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research, Geneva.

Southwood, P. 1991. Disarming Military Industries: Turning an Outbreak of Peace into an Enduring Legacy. Macmillan, London.

South African Defence Industry Association. 1996. Some Statistics of the SADIA Members of the Defence Industry. SADIA, Johannesburg.

South African Institute of Race Relations. (various years). Race Relations Survey. South African Institute of Race Relations, Johannesburg.

South African Reserve Bank (various years). Quarterly Bulletin. Pretoria.

Sparks, D. 1993. The Peace Dividend: Southern Africa after Apartheid. Indicator South Africa, 10(2):27-32.

Steyn, P. 1993. Challenges and Prospects for the SA Defence Industry: Equipping the Armed Forces for the Future. South African Defence Review, 11:1-6.

Steyn, P. 1995. Aligning the South African Defence Industry with Regional Integration and Security, African Security Review, 4(2):15-23.

Transitional Executive Council, Subcouncil on Defence. 1994. National Policy for the Defence Industry.

Van Dyk, J. 1996. Conventional Arms Control: A New System for a New Era. SALVO, 1:5-8.

Vayrynen, R. 1980. The Role of Transnational Corporations in the Military Sector of South Africa. Journal of Southern African Affairs, 5(2):199-255.

Willett, S. & Batchelor, P. 1994. To Trade or Not to Trade: The Costs and Benefits of South Africa’s Arms Trade. Working Paper No.9, Military Research Group, Johannesburg.

Willett, S. 1990. Conversion Policy in the UK. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 14(4):469-82.

Williams, R. 1993. The Changing Parameters of South African Civil-Military Relations: Past, Present and Future Scenarios. Working Paper No.6, Military Research Group, Johannesburg.

Chapter 7

Alao, C. 1991. The Defence and Security Implications of the Liberation War on Zimbabwe 1980-1987. PhD thesis, Department of War Studies, King’s College, London. ANC. 1992. Unpublished discussion paper.

Barber, B. 1995. Jihad vs. Mc World. Random House, New York.

Batchelor, P. 1992. South Africa’s Armaments Industry. Paper prepared for Economic Trends Research Group meeting, University of Cape Town.

Batchelor, P. 1995. Dirty Secrets: South Africa’s Arms Trade Legacy. Budget Watch, 1(2):1-3.

Beinart, W. 1992. Political and Collective Violence in Southern African Historiography. Journal of Southern African Studies, 18(3):455-86.

BICC (Bonn International Centre for Conversion). 1996. The New Field of Micro-Disarmament. BICC, Bonn.

Billig, M. 1995. Banal Nationalism. Sage Publications, London.

Bletcher, S. 1996. Safety in Security. Unpublished paper, Network of Independent Monitors.

Bondi, L. 1993. Locating Identity Politics. In M. Keith and S. Pile (eds) Place and the Politics of Identity. Routledge, London.

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Cock, J. 1993. Towards a Common Society: The Integration of Soldiers and Armies in a Future South Africa. Unpublished Human Sciences Research Council Report.

Cock, J. & Nathan. L. (eds) 1989. Society at War. The Militarisation of South Africa. St Martin’s Press, New York.

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Mann, M. 1987. The Roots and Contradictions of Modern Militarism. New Left Review, 162.

Mare, G. 1992. Brothers Born of Warrior Blood: Politics and Ethnicity in South Africa. Ravan Press, Johannesburg.

Mathiak, L. 1995. Light Weapons and Internal Conflict in Angola. In Boutwell et al., 81-97.

Mills, G. 1994. Small Arms Control: Some Early Thoughts. African Defence Review, 15.

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Oosthuysen, G. 1996. Small Arms Proliferation and Control in Southern Africa. The South African Institute of International Affairs, Johannesburg.

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Roth, M. 1983. ‘If You Give Us Rights We Will Fight’: Black Involvement in the Second World War. South African Historical Journal, 15:85-103.

Said, E. 1988. Identity, Negation and Violence. New Left Review, 171:46-62.

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Smith, C. 1996. Light Weapons and the International Arms Trade, Small Arms Management and Peacekeeping in Southern Africa. United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research, Geneva.

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Wardrop, J. 1996. Policing the Cities: Soweto, Syndicates and ‘Doing Business’. Paper presented to the SAIIA Conference, Johannesburg.

Willett, S. & Batchelor, P. 1994. To Trade or Not to Trade? The Costs and Benefits of South Africa’s Arms Trade. Military Research Group, Johannesburg.

Willett, S. 1994. Open Arms for a Prodigal Son: The Future of South Africa’s Arms Trade Policies. African Defence Review, 17.

Williams, R. 1995. Small Arms Proliferation in Southern Africa: Problems and Prospects. Paper delivered at the conference on ‘The Proliferation of Light Weapons in the Post-Cold War World: A Global Problem’, UNIDIR, Berlin.

Xeketwane, B. 1995. The Relation between Hostels and Political Violence on the Reef, 1990-1993. MA thesis, University of the Witwatersrand.

Chapter 8

Africa Watch. 1993. Land-mines in Angola. Human Rights Watch, New York.

Human Rights Watch & Physicians for Human Rights. 1993. Land-mines: A Deadly Legacy. Human Rights Watch, New York.

Human Rights Watch. 1994. Land-mines in Mozambique. Human Rights Watch, New York.

Human Rights Watch. 1997. Still Killing: Land-mines in Southern Africa. Human Rights Watch, New York.

International Committee of the Red Cross. 1996. Anti-personnel Land-mines: Friend or Foe? A Study of the Military Use and Effectiveness of Anti-personnel Mines. International Committee of the Red Cross, Geneva.

McGrath, R. 1994. Land-mines: Legacy of Conflict. Oxfam, Oxford.

Rupiah, M. 1996. A Historical Study of Land-mines in Zimbabwe 1963-1995, Zambezia, 22(1).

Smith, C. 1996. The Military Utility of Land-mines? Centre for Defence Studies, King’s College, University of London.

Vines, A. & Borges Coelho, J.P. Trinta Anos de Guerras e Minas em Moçambique. In Moçambique: Desminagem e Desenvolvimento. Arquivo Historico, Maputo.

Chapter 9

Albright, D. 1994a. South Africa’s Secret Nuclear Weapons, ISIS Report, 1(4).

Albright, D. 1994b. Israeli Friends, ISIS Report, 1(4).

Ambrose, S. 1984. Eisenhower the President: 1952-59. George Allen & Unwin, London.

Atomic Energy Corporation & Armscor. 1993. Media statement jointly issued by the Atomic Energy Corporation & Armscor, Pretoria, 26 March 1993.

Buys, A. 1993. The Conversion of South Africa’s Nuclear Weapon Facilities. Paper presented to Conference on International Co-operation to Promote Conversion from Military to Civilian Industry, Hong Kong, 7-10 July 1993.

Catholic Commission for Justice and Peace in Rhodesia. 1976. Civil War in Rhodesia: Abduction, Torture and Death in the Counter-insurgency Campaign. Catholic Institute of International Relations, London.

Cervenka, Z. & Rogers, B. 1978. The Nuclear Axis: Secret Collaboration Between West Germany and South Africa. Julian Friedmann, London.

Eberhard, A.A. 1994. Options for Energy Policy and Planning in South Africa: Where Does Nuclear Power Fit In? In Environmental Monitoring Group (1994).

Environmental Monitoring Group (Western Cape). 1994. The Nuclear Debate: Proceedings of the Conference on Nuclear Policy for a Democratic South Africa. Cape Town.

Fig, D. 1993. ‘The Road to Koeberg: International Support for the Establishment of the South African Nuclear Industry’, paper presented to the Africa Seminar, Centre for African Studies, University of Cape Town, 15 September 1993.

Fig, D. 1994. Nuclear Issues in Contemporary South Africa (GEM Monitor 1994/2). Group for Environmental Monitoring, Johannesburg.

Fig, D. 1995. Foreign Policy in Foreign Hands? South Africa has Squandered an Opportunity to be a Champion for Nuclear Disarmament, Weekly Mail & Guardian, Johannesburg, 28 April-4 May 1995.

Hirson, B. 1979. Year of Fire, Year of Ash: The So we to Revolt: Roots of a Revolution? Zed, London.

Hounam, P. & McQuillan, S. 1995. The Mini-nuke Conspiracy: Mandela’s Nuclear Nightmare. Faber & Faber, London.

Mailer, P. 1977. Portugal: The Impossible Revolution. Solidarity, London.

Masiza, Z. & Landsberg, C. 1996. Fission for Compliments? South Africa and the 1995 Extension of Nuclear Non-Proliferation (Policy: Issues and Actors 9,3). Centre for Policy Studies, Johannesburg, September 1996.

Murray, S. 1995. Koeberg: Eskom’s Nuclear Success Story. Churchill Murray, Cape Town.

Newby-Fraser, A.R. 1979. Chain Reaction: Twenty Years of Nuclear Research and Development in South Africa. Atomic Energy Board, Pretoria.

Rhodes, R. 1986. The Making of the Atomic Bomb. Simon & Schuster, New York.

Rhodes, R. 1995. Dark Sun: The Making of the Hydrogen Bomb. Simon & Schuster, New York.

Schriefer, D. 1995. International Safeguards: The IAEA Verification of the Dismantling of the Limited South African Nuclear Deterrent Capability. Paper presented to the IAEA Nuclear Information Seminar, Midrand, South Africa, 24-25 January 1995.

South Africa (Union of). 1961. Report. Commission of Inquiry into the Application of Nuclear Power in South Africa (The Forsythe Commission), April 1961.

South Africa (Republic of). 1996. White Paper on Science and Technology: Preparing for the 21st Century. Department of Arts, Culture, Science & Technology, Pretoria.

Stockwell, J. 1978. In Search of Enemies. Andre Deutsch, London.

Stumpf, W. 1995. South Africa’s Nuclear Weapons Program: From Deterrence to Development, Arms Control Today, 25(10).

Thomas, S. 1996. The Operating Performance of the Koeberg Nuclear Power Plant. Energy for Development Research Centre, Cape Town.

United Nations. 1995. The United Nations and Nuclear Non-Proliferation (United Nations Blue Book, vol. III). United Nations Department of Public Information, New York.

Chapter 10

African National Congress. 1996. Submission to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. 19 August 1996.

Barrell, H. 1990. MK: The ANC’s Armed Struggle. Penguin Books, London.

BMATT. 1996. Presentation at the Institute for Defence Policy seminar on South African National Defence Force and Transformation, Midrand, 15 October 1996.

Bonn International Centre for Conversion (BICC). 1996. Demobilization and Reintegration. Conversion Survey, Bonn.

Cilliers, J. (ed) 1995. Dismissed. Institute for Defence Policy, Midrand.

Cock, J. 1993. Towards a Common Society: The Integration of Soldiers and Armies in a Future South Africa. Military Research Group, Johannesburg.

Gibbs, K. 1990. Demobilisation after World War II. Honours dissertation, University of South Africa.

GTZ. 1994. Demobilisation and Re-integration of Ex-soldiers and Ex-combatants: Experiences of the GTZ Programme Team. Eschborn.

Kingma, K. & Sayers, V. 1995. Demobilization in the Horn of Africa. Proceedings of the IRG Workshop, Addis Ababa, 4-7 December 1994. Bonn International Centre for Conversion, Bonn.

Martin, H.J. & Orpen, N. 1979. South Africa at War. South African Forces, World War II, vol. vii. Purnell, Cape Town.

Ministry of Defence. 1977. Defence Review Second Report. Pretoria.

Motumi, T. & Hudson, A. 1995. Rightsizing: The Challenges of Demobilisation and Social Reintegration in South Africa. In Cilliers, J. (ed) Dismissed. Institute for Defence Policy. Midrand.

Ross, D.R.B. 1969. Preparing for Ulysses: Politics and Veterans During World War II. Columbia University Press, New York.

SANDF. n.d. Insight Into the Service Corps and You. Motivational Guides on Education Training & Career Orientation. Lyndhurst.

SANDF. 1997. Internal Communication Bulletin, 11 March 1997.

Thomas, G.S. 1984. Mercenary Troops in Modern Africa. Westview Press, Boulder.

Williams, R. 1996. Demobilization, Human Resources Development and Human Resources Conversion: The Role of Alter-native Certification Programmes in a Human Resources Programme. Paper presented to Conference on Rationalisation and Demobilisation and Human Resource Development, 26-27 June 1996. Graduate School of Public and Development Management, University of the Witwatersrand.

World Bank. 1995. Demobilisation and Reintegration of Military Personnel in Africa: The Evidence from Seven Country Case Studies. In Cilliers, J. (ed) Dismissed. Institute for Defence Policy, Midrand.

Chapter 11

MacDonald, R., Manning, L. & Gable, R. 1994. An Alternative Certification Programme: Career Transition.

Action in Teacher Education, XVI(2).

Kingma, K. 1995. On Civvy Street. Life and Peace Review, 1/1995.

Military Career Transition Program. 1994. Old Dominion University (ODU), Virginia.

University-Based Management Development Programme for Implementing the RDP. 1995. Draft document, School of Public and Development Management, University of the Witwatersrand.

Chapter 12

Cronin, J. 1990. For the Sake of Our Lives. Paper presented to the Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation.

Dandala, H. 1995. Memorandum to MEC of Safety and Security, Gauteng, Ms Jessie Duarte.

Mann, M. 1987. The Roots and Contradictions of Modern Militarism. New Left Review, 162.

Marks, M. 1993. Identity and Violence Amongst Activist Diepkloof Youth, 1984-1993. MA thesis, University of the Witwatersrand.

Motumi, T. 1994. Self Defence Units – A Brief Examination of Their History and a Look at Their Future, African Defence Review, 15.

Raditapole, T. & Gillespie, C. 1994. Proposal on Self Defence Units. Unpublished paper.

Rakgoadi, P. 1994. The Role of Self-Defence Units (SDUs) in a Changing Political Context. Occasional paper for the Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation.

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