Abstract

Burundi is one of the poorest countries in Africa, whose population relies heavily upon maize and legumes for its sustenance. Phase I of this project supported research which sought to improve the yield of beans and maize, especially varieties grown at higher altitudes, as much of Burundi is at a high altitude. The government of Burundi has requested support for a second phase of the project in order to continue the work on maize but with a second concentration on peas instead of beans. Researchers will continue and extend the selection and breeding program for both maize and peas, and carry out agronomic experiments to determine the optimum packages of practices for growing these crops.

Post-Project Summary

Due to the high demographic density and food deficit of Burundi, this phase II project aimed to consolidate a breeding program for maize and peas grown at high altitudes, and to establish a basis for increased productivity and sustainability by training Burundi research scientists on the two crops. To develop high-yielding, disease-resistant maize types, more than 200 varieties were introduced and tested in seven experimental centres located across the country's three ecological zones. Three varieties suitable to low and medium altitudes, and two varieties suitable to high altitudes were selected; and three sources of genetic resistance to disease were identified. To develop high-yielding pea varieties for high altitudes, 76 varieties were imported and were planted after breeding, but generally did not adapt well to local conditions. Nine varieties previously introduced were evaluated comparatively on three sites, and the highest yielding type was identified. Agronomical practices for both crops were tested using new varieties on farmers' fields. It was found that the use of local fertilizers such as peat, lime, and phosphates could result in higher yields of maize grown at medium and high altitudes. Analyses carried out in different ecological zones identified the best variety suitable for the traditional crop of maize and peas. Support continued in a third phase.

Recipient Institution(s)